안녕하세요.
이번에는 Fortigate STP에 대해서 알아보겠습니다.
Software-Switch 또는 VLAN-switch(Hardware-Switch)에 포함된 Port가 스위치에 2개 이상 연결 되었을때 Layer2 Loop가 발생합니다.
이 Layer2 Loop를 방지하기 위해서 Spanning-Tree가 동작하여 Layer2 Loop를 방지 하게 됩니다.
Fortigate 방화벽 입장에서는 어떻게 동작하는지 확인해보겠습니다.
모든 firewall 벤더가 똑같이 동작하는 것이 아닙니다. 벤더 문서를 꼭 읽어주시길 바랍니다.
1. network -> Interface -> Create New를 클릭하시면 아래 같이 Interface Type를 선택 할수 있습니다.
Software Switch - STP 미동작
VLAN switch(hardware switch) - STP 동작
위에 두가지 차이점은 나중에 자세히 설명하겠습니다.
https://itblog-kr.tistory.com/79
기본 설정은 위에 글을 참고 부탁드립니다. 이번 글에서 STP 설정에 대해서만 다루겠습니다.
1. Switch에서 G1/0/1 and G1/0/2를 Trunk를 설정 합니다.
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 switchport mode trunk end Switch#show run int g1/0/2 Building configuration... Current configuration : 61 bytes ! interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 switchport mode trunk end |
2. Fortigate에서 stp설정을 확인 합니다.
디폴트롤 STP enable입니다.
FortiGate-90G # config system interface FortiGate-90G (interface) # edit lan FortiGate-90G (lan) # show config system interface edit "lan" set vdom "root" set ip 192.168.1.99 255.255.255.0 set allowaccess ping https ssh fabric set type hard-switch set stp enable set role lan set snmp-index 15 next end FortiGate-90G (lan) # |
3. Switch에서 STP를 확인 합니다.
디폴트로 STP enable 입니다. 그리고 G1/0/2가 Blocking Port입니다.
Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 70 VLAN0070 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32838 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32838 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 70) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi1/0/2 Back BLK 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 71 VLAN0071 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32839 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32839 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 71) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi1/0/2 Back BLK 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 72 VLAN0072 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32840 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32840 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 72) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi1/0/2 Back BLK 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 73 VLAN0073 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32841 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32841 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 73) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi1/0/2 Back BLK 4 128.2 P2p Switch# |
Switch#show run | in span spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst spanning-tree extend system-id |
4. Ping테스트를 해보겠습니다.
정상적으로 동작 합니다.
Switch#ping 172.16.70.254 source vlan 70 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.70.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.70.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Switch#ping 172.16.71.254 source vlan 71 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.71.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.71.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Switch#ping 172.16.72.254 source vlan 72 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.72.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.72.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Switch#ping 172.16.73.254 source vlan 73 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.73.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.73.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Switch# |
5. 포티넷 방화벽에서 port1 케이블을 제거 합니다.
6. Switch에서 STP상태를 확인 합니다.
Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 70 VLAN0070 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32838 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32838 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 70) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 71 VLAN0071 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32839 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32839 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 71) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 72 VLAN0072 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32840 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32840 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 72) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Switch#show spanning-tree vlan 73 VLAN0073 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 32841 Address 084f.a946.6900 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32841 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 73) Address 084f.a946.6900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Switch# |
7. Ping 테스트를 합니다.
Switch#ping 172.16.70.254 source vlan 70 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.70.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.70.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Switch#ping 172.16.71.254 source vlan 71 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.71.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.71.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Switch#ping 172.16.72.254 source vlan 72 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.72.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.72.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Switch#ping 172.16.73.254 source vlan 73 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.73.254, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.73.253 .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Switch# |
정상적으로 동작합니다.
지금까지 글을 읽어주셔서 감사합니다.
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